The basic concept behind thermoelectric TE technology is the Peltier effect — a phenomenon first discovered in the early 19th century. The Peltier effect occurs whenever electrical current flows through two dissimilar conductors; depending on the direction of current flow, the junction of the two conductors will either absorb or release heat. Explaining the Peltier effect and its operation in thermoelectric devices, is a very challenging proposition because it ultimately keys on some very complex physics at the subatomic level. Here we will attempt to approach it from a conceptual perspective with the goal of giving readers an intuitive grasp of this technology i.e., without getting too bogged down in the minutia.

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